|
Adipose fin:
|
A tapered, fleshy lobe located on the dorsal surface above
the base of the pelvic fin.
|
|
Anadromous:
|
Ascending rivers from the sea to spawn.
|
|
Anal fin:
|
Unpaired fin located on the ventral surface posterior to
the anus.
|
|
Anthroprogenic:
|
Human induced.
|
|
Barbel:
|
A slender tactile or taste process usually located about
the mouth and head.
|
|
Caudal peduncle:
|
Tapered region of the body between the edge of the anal fin
and the caudal fin.
|
|
Caudal:
|
Near the tail (caudal fin = tail fin).
|
|
Chironomids:
|
Flies belonging to the midge family.
|
|
Compressed:
|
Flattened from side to side.
|
|
Congeneric:
|
Belonging to the same genus; refers to species.
|
|
Continental Divide:
|
The watershed boundary that follows the Rocky Mountains and
separates Pacific coastal drainages form other major North
American drainages.
|
|
Crustaceans:
|
Invertebrates with gills, shell, appendages and two pairs
of antennae.
|
|
Cyprinid:
|
Of the Cyprinid Family (Cyprinidae).
|
|
Dimorphism:
|
Existing in two forms.
|
|
Dorsal:
|
Pertaining to the back, or situated near the back.
|
|
Endemic:
|
Confined to a given or defined geographic area.
|
|
Euryhaline:
|
A fish that can move between saltwater and freshwater environments.
|
|
Eutrophication:
|
To add nutrients to.
|
|
Extirpated:
|
Extinct in a certain area or region, but surviving elsewhere.
|
|
Falcate:
|
Sickle-shaped or curved.
|
|
Family:
|
A group used to classify organisms consisting of a number
of genera; animal family names end in the suffix -idae.
|
|
Fauna:
|
The animals inhabiting a region.
|
|
Fecundity:
|
The number of eggs in the ovaries that are mature or will
mature. A common measure of reproductive potential.
|
|
Genus/Genera:
|
A category for a taxon that includes one or more species.
|
|
Gill cover:
|
The operculum; the flat thin bones that cover each side of
the head.
|
|
Gill rakers:
|
The series of comblike projections along the edge of the
gill arch.
|
|
Globiform:
|
Body shape where the majority of the body is located anteriorly
and the posterior portion of the body is reduced.
|
|
Heterocercal:
|
Pertaining to when the upper lobe of the caudal fin is larger
than the lower lobe.
|
|
Holarctic:
|
A zoogeographic region that includes North America, Europe,
northern Africa, most of Asia. Fish that are Holarctic in
distribution may be expected to occur in most of these regions
but not necessarily throughout it.
|
|
Homocercal:
|
A tail fin shape where the upper and lower lobes are the
same size or rounded.
|
|
Illinoian glaciation:
|
The second-last and most extensive continental ice sheet,
which partially covered North America 300,000 years ago.
|
|
Indigenous:
|
Native to a geographic area.
|
|
Inferior mouth:
|
Mouth is located on and opens to the ventral surface.
|
|
Insertion (fin):
|
The area where a fin is attached to the body.
|
|
Interorbital:
|
The space between the eyes.
|
|
Introduced:
|
Brought to an area by means other than its own dispersal
ability.
|
|
Jugular pelvic:
|
When pelvic fins are located on the anterior portion of the
body ahead of, or at, the pectoral fins origin.
|
|
Kype:
|
The hook at the anterior portion of the snout in many breeding
male salmonid species.
|
|
Lacustrine:
|
In or about lakes.
|
|
Lateral line:
|
A series of pores or canals arranged along the lateral surface
in a line.
|
|
Limnetic:
|
The open water of a lake that is above the bottom; usually
shallow enough for light to penetrate.
|
|
Littoral:
|
The in-shore shallows of a lake that usually contain aquatic
vegetation.
|
|
Maxillae:
|
The upper jaw bones.
|
|
Melanistic:
|
Black or darkly coloured.
|
|
Meristic:
|
Any body part occuring in repetition (scales, fin rays, vertebrae).
|
|
Operculum:
|
See Gill cover.
|
|
Palatine:
|
A paired set of toothed bones on the roof of the mouth.
|
|
Papilla:
|
A small fleshy projection.
|
|
Papillose:
|
Covered with papillae.
|
|
Parr marks:
|
Vertical dark bars arranged on the lateral surface of young
salmonids.
|
|
Pectoral fin:
|
The most anterior of the paired fins, usually connected to
the pectoral girdle.
|
|
Pelagic:
|
Living in open water.
|
|
Pelvic fins:
|
The most posteriorly located of the paired fins.
|
|
Pharyngeal teeth:
|
Teeth situated on the bones behind the gills at the beginning
of the esophagus.
|
|
Piscivorus:
|
Fish-eating.
|
|
Pleistocene period:
|
The last one million years.
|
|
Preopercle:
|
The bone lying in front and parallel to the operculum.
|
|
Proglacial lake:
|
A lake with part of its margin at an ice sheet.
|
|
Ray (fin):
|
A supporting structure in the fin membrane, includes soft-rays
and spines.
|
|
Redd:
|
The gravel nest of many salmonid species.
|
|
Snout:
|
The part of the head anterior to the eyes.
|
|
Spine:
|
A ray that is not branched and usually stiff and sharp.
|
|
Sympatric:
|
Living in the same place, or a least overlapping in ranges.
|
|
Terminal mouth:
|
A mouth where the upper and lower jaws form the extreme anterior
end of the head.
|
|
Tubercles:
|
Lumpy projections on the surface of scales or fin rays, especially
in sexually ripe fish.
|
|
Vermiculations:
|
Irregular lines or patterns that are wormlike in shape.
|
|
Vertebrae:
|
The individual bones of the vertebral column.
|
|
Vomer:
|
The most anterior medial bone in the roof of the mouth; may
have teeth.
|
|
Wisconsin glaciation:
|
The most recent continental ice sheet that partially covered
North America from 50,000 to 10,000 years ago.
|
